Abstract: This article reviews the recent advance of detection methods about oxygen tension in vitreous body and retina in vivo, which include electrochemical sensor, optical chemical oxygen sensor, fundus camera and liquid crystal wavelength tunable filter and frequencydomain lifetime imaging of oxygen tension, etc. The principle, current research situation and achievements of these methods were briefly introduced. The clinical application and signification of optical chemical oxygen sensor in the measurement of intraocular oxygen tension were also discussed in detail.