Abstract: Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration, characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and choriocapillaris. Ophthalmic imaging technologies, such as color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography, are crucial tools for diagnosing and assessing disease progression in GA. Monitoring visual function is essential in the disease surveillance of GA, and a single visual function test may not fully reflect the patient's true visual experience. A comprehensive assessment should combine best corrected visual acuity, low luminance visual acuity, and microperimetry to provide a more complete evaluation. Currently, there is no effective treatment for GA, but emerging therapies such as complement inhibitors and gene therapy show promising prospects. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2024, 48:  333-340)

Key words: geographic atrophy, imaging features