Abstract: Ophthalmic surgery is one of the most delicate microsurgical procedures, and the huge demand for artificial intelligence (AI) assisted ophthalmic surgery will become an important factor in accelerating precision medicine. It has been applied to refractive surgery, corneal transplantation, oculoplastic surgery, cataract surgery, and vitreoretinal surgery, etc. For example, the analysis of clinical data can help to make effective preoperative planning, robotic-guided surgical methods can improve intraoperative safety and accuracy, and the prediction of surgical timing and postoperative complications can help surgeons to make better clinical decisions. However, AI in ophthalmic surgery still requires optimization of deep learning algorithms and the development of systems that allow for real-time evaluation.  AI has the potential to become an important aid in ophthalmic surgery to improve patient outcomes. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2024, 48:  393-399)

Key words: artificial intelligence, ophthalmic surgery, machine learning