Abstract: In recent years, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP),  a type of interlecukin 7-like cytokine, was found to strongly activate dendritic cells through interaction with TSLP receptor (TSLPR) expressed by dendritic cells to induce an inflammatory helper T cell(Th2) type response and initiate allergic inflammation. It is the initiation factor of allergic diseases.Through  establishing an animal model of allergic conjunctivitis exited by short ragweed, researchers confirmed this process. In terms of its clinical associations, although there are related studies using human corneal epithelial cells, they can only simulated the pathological process of similar state of human diseases. More in vivo studies on different severity, different stages  and different types allergic conjunctivitis are clearly needed.  (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2015, 39： 190-194)