Abstract:

Incidence of juvenile myopia increases continually. The factors of inheritance and environment have been verified as the pathogenesis of myopia, such as long hours reading and low indoor illuminance. More outdoor activity and indoor illuminance may be effective in preventing occurrence and progression of juvenile myopia. Owing to the relationship between ciliary muscle tension and myopia, anti-muscarinic receptors agents such as low-dose atropine has also been shown to provide effective myopia control. At present, the chief way for treatment of myopia is still refractive correction, such as wearing bifocal or multifocal spectacles, contact lenses or orthokeratology contact lenses (OKs). Based on the relevance of axial elongation to pathological changes and reduced ant-tensile force of in myopic sclera collagen tissue, scleral cross-linking (SXL), oral administration of 7-methylxanthine (MX) and sub-Tenon's capsule injections of hydrogel might be realistic approaches to inhibit eye elongation in highly myopic eyes, due to the ability of SXL to contract collagen fibers and increase ant-tensile force of sclera. As deep research for molecular biological mechanism of myopia, new therapies related to control and prevention juvenile myopia intervention control the progression of myopia will still appear constantly. (Int Rev Ophthalmol,  2017,  41:    210-214)