Abstract: Endoscopic surgery has been evolving rapidly in last twenty years. Currently, ophthalmic endoscopic surgeries include intraocular surgeries by ophthalmic endoscopy, lacrimal drainage surgery by lacrimal endoscopy and decompression of optic canal or dacryocystorhinostomy by nasal endoscopy. Endoscopic surgeries have developed to be an important alternative in ophthalmology. The article reviews the history, type and basic principles, surgery approaches, indications, therapeutic effect and complications of endoscopic surgery in ophthalmology.