Abstract: Comparing with normal subjects, the cerebrospinal fluid pressure is lower in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma, but higher in ocular hypertension. The high translamina cribrosa pressure difference may lead to glaucomatous damage. The abnormally high cerebrospinal fluid pressure is a protective factor in glaucoma. The elevated translamina cribrosa pressure difference  leads to the lamina cribrosa bending backward and thinning, optic cup deepening, C/D enlarging, may play a role in the pathogenesis and development of glaucoma. In this  literature review, the conception, measurement method, influence factors of translamina cribrosa pressure difference and its relationship with glaucoma were summarized.