Abstract: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a new brain functional imaging technique developed in recent years, which is suitable for simultaneous detection of hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex when subjects are stimulated. Visual disorders commonly seen in ophthalmic clinic are often accompanied by functional abnormalities in the visual cortex. FNIRS can simultaneously detect the hemodynamic responses in the visual cortex during visual tasks or treatment, providing brain parameters for the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of eye diseases, such as amblyopia, glaucoma, optic neuritis, diabetic retionpathy, etc.