Abstract: Patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) often experience binocular visual dysfunctions such as aniseikonia, diplopia, and impaired stereopsis. Conventional assessment using best-corrected visual acuity does not fully capture the subjective visual complaints in these individuals. Emerging clinical tools, including novel aniseikonia test and light on-off test, offer more precise evaluation of visual function. Mechanical traction caused by the epiretinal membrane induces pathological changes in retinal anatomy, where photoreceptor displacement and increased inner nuclear layer thickness are significantly correlated with binocular visual dysfunction. A deeper investigation into the dynamic effects of iERM on retinal structure and function, along with validation of their prognostic value, will provide a scientific foundation for personalized treatment and visual rehabilitation.

Key words: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane, Binocular visual function, Retinal anatomy