Abstract: IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD), a manifestation of IgG4-related disease in ocular tissues, has emerged as a key focus in the study of inflammatory orbital lesions in recent years. IgG4-ROD primarily affects the lacrimal glands and may involve multiple sites such as extraocular muscles, orbital fat, and conjunctiva. It often co-occurs with other systemic conditions, yet its complex pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, particularly regarding fibrosis and potential mechanisms of malignant transformation, which require further investigation. Current advances in multi-omics technologies—including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and radiomics—have provided critical insights into the disease mechanisms, diagnostic differentiation, and therapeutic strategies for IgG4-ROD. The integration of multi-omics approaches offers novel research perspectives and technical pathways to achieve precision diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, Genomics, Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, Radiomics