Abstract: The lens is a crucial structure for maintaining the transparency and refractive function of the eye. The regularly arranged lens fiber cells and uniformly distributed crystallins lay the foundation for excellent refractive imaging. Oxidative stress damage can disrupt the optical uniformity of the lens and is a significant contributor to the development of degenerative diseases such as age-relatedcataracts. Recent studies have found that Caspase family proteins are the core executors of apoptosis and are closely associated with the regulatory mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced damage in lens epithelial cells. The latest advancements in molecular biology and biochemistry have unveiled the intricate relationship among apoptosis pathways, oxidative damage, and lens transparency, highlighting key molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.

Key words: Caspase family proteins, Oxidative stress, Lens, Apoptosis