Abstract: In cataract surgery, continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) is a critical step. However, with certain cataract types where the red reflex is absent and there's poor contrast between the anterior capsule and cortex, the capsulorhexis path becomes difficult to visualize, often leading to CCC failure. To address this, Trypan blue (TB) has been widely adopted as a capsular staining agent. Since its first application in cataract surgery staining in 1999, TB has been commonly used at concentrations ranging from 0.04% to 0.1%, with 0.06% recognized globally as a safe and effective concentration. Various staining techniques have been developed, including injection under an air bubble, subcapsular injection, injection under an ophthalmic viscosurgical device, and one-step intracameral injection. Studies have confirmed that low-concentration TB does not cause significant corneal endothelial toxicity, elevated intraocular pressure, or inflammatory reactions. By enhancing surgical visualization, it effectively improves both the safety and efficiency of the procedure.

Key words: Trypan blue, Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, Cataract, Capsular staining