Abstract: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new technique for ocular vascular imaging, which has been widely used in the angiogenesis of retina, choroid and optic nerve. It can provide not only the morphological information of retinal vessels, but also the quantitative measurement of fundus vascular density. OCTA measurement parameters include macular superficial retinal capillary network (superficial capillary plexus, SCP) density, retinal deep capillary network (deep capillary plexus, DCP) density and macular fovea non-vascular area (foveal avascular zone, FAZ) area and so on. Retinal microvascular system is an important basis for maintaining visual function, and retinal vascular density is an index to measure the state of retinal microvascular circulation. Macular SCP density, DCP density and FAZ area are related to the occurrence and development of many eye diseases, such as retinal obstructive disease, macular hole, diabetic retinopathy, high myopia, central serous chorioretinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. It is of great clinical significance to observe the early changes of fundus blood flow and to explore the pathogenesis and curative effect evaluation of related ocular diseases by OCTA.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2022, 46: 11-16)

Key words: optical coherence tomography angiography, macular retinal vascular density, macular foveal avascular area