Abstract: Infection after strabismus surgery is a rare complication, but it affects postoperative recovery and surgical outcomes. Post-strabismus infection often manifests as keratoconjunctivitis, subconjunctival abscess, Tenon's capsule abscess, orbital cellulitis, periorbital abscess or endophthalmitis. The type, depth and location of the infection determine the treatment. Superficial infections recover well with topical antibiotic treatment; abscesses require incision and drainage as well as systemic antibiotics; infections involving deeper tissues require systemic treatment; and severe endophthalmitis can lead to vision loss or even blindness, requiring vitreous cavity injection antibiotics or vitrectomy.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2023, 47:  564-569)

Key words: strabismus/surgery, strabismus/complication, eye infection, endophthalmitis, scleral perforation