Abstract:  Objective To compare the differences of color sensitivity and color discrimination between normal and congenital color vision deficiency by using self-designed percentile color vision quantitative test table(percentile table). Design Diagnostic technique evaluation. Participants Forty-eight subjects with normal color vision (46 males and 2 females), 28 patients with abnormal red vision (27 males and 1 female) and 71 patients with abnormal green vision (68 males and 3 females). Methods The color sensitivity and color discrimination of the subjects were measured by the percentage table, and the scores were compared and analyzed, and described by the median (quartile). Main Outcome Measures Color sensitivity scores of red, green and blue; color discrimination scores of red-green, red-blue and green-blue. Results Using the percentile table, the color sensitivity scores of red, green and blue were 96 (95, 97), 98 (97, 98) and 95 (92.25, 96), respectively. The color discrimination scores of red-green, red-blue, and green-blue were 97 (97, 98), 96 (95, 97) and 98 (97, 98), respectively. Compared with normal controls, the scores of red color perception [91.5 (89.25, 93)], blue color perception [93 (90, 95)] and red-blue color discrimination [90.50 (86.25, 92)] were decreased in patients with congenital abnormal red perception (Z=-6.837, -3.151, and -6.780, all P<0.01). The scores of red color perception [95 (94, 96)], blue color perception[91 (88, 93)], red-green color discrimination [96(96, 97)] and red-blue color discrimination [94(93, 95)] decreased in patients with congenital green abnormalities (Z=-3.982, -4.863, -3.789 and -5.370, all P<0.001). The diagnosis of red color deficiency by red color perception score: the area under the curve (AUC) of ROC was 0.874 (95%CI: 0.800-0.949, P<0.001). The diagnosis of green color deficiency by green color perception score: AUC of ROC was 0.650 (95% CI: 0.539-0.762, P=0.02). The cut-off point of red color perception was 93.5, sensitivity 85.7% and specificity 83.1%. Conclusion It is feasible to objectively detect congenital color vision deficiency with a self-made percentile color vision quantitative test table, and the red color perceptionis more sensitive. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2022, 31: 419-422)

Key words:  congenital color vision deficiency, color vision, color sensitivity, color discrimination