Abstract: Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has quickly gained recognition and promotion among glaucoma specialists due to its effective intraocular pressure reduction, minimal surgical trauma, simple operation, fewer complications, and easy follow-up care. The new challengeshave arisen, such as inconsistent surgical classification, unclear criteria for MIGS selection and theintraocular pressure spike,which prompted clinicians and researchers to refocus on the aqueous humor drainage pathways, ushering glaucoma treatment into a new era characterized by the interaction and unity of theoretical breakthroughs and technological innovations. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2025, 34: 1-5)

Key words: minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, trabecular meshwork pumping, Schlemm’s canal