Abstract: The corneal healing following severe  wound and the immune rejection after keratoplasty are the key and difficult points in treatment of corneal diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into corneal epithelial cells, stromal cells and other cell types in cornea, as well as suppresse inflammation and angiogenesis in a paracrine manner. Hence the injury corneal tissue was protected and the healing of cornea was promoted. In addition, the mesenchymal stem cells have potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which enable them to exert the therapeutic effects on corneal allograft rejection.