Abstract: Optic neuritis refers to all inflammatory diseases in the optic nerve. It is one of the most common optic nerve diseases in neuroophthalmology, but also most likely to suffer in the middleaged people.  Currently, there are two main classifications of optic neuritis:   according to anatomical site, optic neuritis was divided into retrobulbar neuritis, papillitis, optic perineuritis, and neuroretinitis; another based on the etiology, optic neuritis can be divided into the central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease of the optic nerve inflammation, infectious diseaserelated optic neuritis, and systemic autoimmune diseaserelated optic neuritis. At present, the etiology features of optic neuritis in China remains to be further characterized by large sample epidemiological studies.