关键词: 高度近视, 糖尿病性视网膜病变

Abstract: Recent studies have identified potential shared pathological mechanisms between high myopia (HM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The application of technologies such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has gradually revealed overlaps in genetic susceptibility, gene expression regulation, and signaling pathway remodeling between the two conditions. This review summarizes the shared pathological mechanisms of HM and DR, including oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and extracellular matrix remodeling, and explores their genetic associations. Genomic studies have highlighted the critical roles of genes such as VEGF, TGFB2, COL1A1, insulin pathway-related genes, KCNQ5, and CNTN2 in HM and DR. These findings enhance our understanding of the shared genetic architecture of HM and DR and provide a foundation for the development of personalized treatment strategies. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2025, 49:  135-140)

Key words: high myopia, diabetic retinopathy