Abstract: Primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after extraction of congenital cataract in infants has been accepted and gradually applied to clinic by an increasing number of ophthalmologists in recent years. Incidence of postoperative complications has largely reduced after application of the 25gauge vitrectomy system in cataract surgery in infants. Accuracy of IOL power calculation has been increased because of the developments of new generation of IOL power calculation formula and prediction formula of myopia shift. Visual rehabilitation has improved due to the developments of the infants suitable IOLs and the means of amblyopia training.