Abstract: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is a common cause of visual impairment after cataract surgery. The pathogenesis of PCME is complex，which is related to fundus disease, aging, cataract surgical method, and many other factors. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is now an important tool for disease diagnosis and retinopathy evaluation before cataract surgery. Use of antivascular endothelial growth factor has been becoming a new way to treat PCME in recent years. OCT, which provides fast and objective evidence for the assessment and comparison of different treatment options, has now been commonly used to evaluate the therapeutic effect for PCME.