关键词: 未折叠蛋白反应, 衰老, 神经血管退行性疾病

Abstract: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a crucial pathway for cells to maintain protein homeostasis. The protein homeostasis of cells will be disrupted, when the internal and external environment of cells is stimulated, such as redox, inflammation or calcium imbalance. Then it will cause protein aggregation or accumulation of abnormal proteins, which further induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, followed by a series of reactions to restore protein homeostasis. If the adaptive UPRs fail to restore protein homeostasis, it will further induce apoptosis. UPR is an important factor affecting physiological and pathological aging, as well as the occurrence and development of neurovascular degenerative diseases.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2023, 47：  570-576)

Key words: unfolded protein response, aging, neurovascular degenerative diseases