Abstract: miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that participate in the pathophysiological mechanisms of glaucoma. miRNA has the potential to serve as a biomarker for early detection and diagnosis of glaucoma. The study of miRNA in glaucoma helps to elucidate the molecular pathways and mechanisms of glaucoma, promote the development of personalized medicine for glaucoma, and can be applied to the treatment of glaucoma and non-invasive disease monitoring. Although miRNA research in glaucoma has good application prospects, there are also challenges and limitations, such as lack of standardized protocols for sample collection, storage, and DNA extraction, poor tissue specificity and accessibility of samples, and poor reproducibility in different populations. By addressing these limitations, not only can we enhance our understanding of the role of miRNA in glaucoma, but also pave the way for personalized medical methods. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2024, 48:  248-254)

Key words: glaucoma, miRNA