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脱细胞猪角膜基质作为植片的深板层角膜移植治疗感染性角膜溃疡的临床观察

李上; 卢红双; 臧云晓; 张薇; 董宏伟; 郭纯刚; 潘志强; 接英   

  1. 100069 首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院眼科(李上、张薇、董宏伟、郭纯刚);100730 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 北京同仁眼科中心 眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室(卢红双、臧云晓、潘志强、接英)
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-14 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 接英,Email:jie_yingcn@aliyun.com E-mail:jie_yingcn@aliyun.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81170824);北京市自然科学基金(7182037);北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划(2013-3-055)

Clinical efficacy of acellular porcine corneal stroma deep lamellar keratoplasty for infectious corneal ulcer

LI Shang1, LU Hong-shuang2, ZANG Yun-xiao2, ZHANG Wei1, DONG Hong-wei1, GUO Chun-gang1, PAN Zhi-qiang2, JIE Ying2.   

  1. 1. Departmnet of Ophthalmology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China; 2. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Scienses, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730 Beijing, China
  • Received:2017-11-14 Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-06-04
  • Contact: JIE Ying, Email: jie_yingcn@aliyun.com E-mail:jie_yingcn@aliyun.com

摘要:

目的 比较脱细胞猪角膜基质与新鲜角膜组织作为植片的深板层角膜移植手术治疗感染性角膜溃疡的临床疗效。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2015年11月~2016年9月在北京佑安医院就诊的10例病变深度未累及后弹力层的感染性角膜溃疡患者。方法 回顾性分析气泡辅助下的深板层角膜移植手术资料,其中使用脱细胞猪角膜基质材料和新鲜角膜组织材料治疗的患者各5例。比较两组患者术后1年最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)、眼压、球镜度、角膜平均曲率、散光度、角膜内皮细胞数、角膜厚度、眼轴长度、角膜共聚焦显微镜表现、角膜透明度以及植片的生存情况。主要指标 术后1年患者的最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)、眼压、球镜度、角膜平均曲率、散光度、角膜内皮细胞数、角膜厚度、眼轴长度、角膜共聚焦显微镜表现、角膜透明度以及植片的生存情况。结果 在随访期间,两组所有植片均保持透明,植片生存率为100%。术后1年,脱细胞角膜基质组和新鲜角膜组的视力分别为0.53±0.21和0.33±0.06(P=0.184),眼压分别为(8.00±2.00)mmHg和(10.33±0.58)mmHg(P=0.124),球镜度分别为(-4.50±4.21)D和(-1.25±0.75)D(P=0.258),角膜平均曲率分别为(47.59±5.40)D和(44.51±1.87)D(P=0.403),散光度分别为(-5.52±1.97)D和(-5.14±1.66)D(P=0.812),内皮细胞数分别为(1272.67±387.63)个/mm2和(1550.33±232.69)个/mm2(P=0.347),角膜厚度分别为(439.33±67.86)μm和(534.00±14.42)μm(P=0.077),眼轴长度分别为(23.53±0.91)mm和(23.55±1.56)mm(P=0.981)。角膜共聚焦显微镜显示,脱细胞猪角膜基质组的角膜上皮细胞可以完全覆盖植片,基底细胞和翼状细胞形态和密度与新鲜角膜组织接近,但在基底细胞下方可见高反光的沉着物,基质层细胞的密度明显低于新鲜角膜组织,并且在内皮细胞与深基质层之间仍可见脱细胞纤维排列。结论 脱细胞猪角膜基质具有良好的生物相容性,当缺乏新鲜角膜材料时,用于替代治疗感染性角膜溃疡可以取得满意的效果。

关键词: 脱细胞猪角膜基质, 新鲜角膜组织, 深板层角膜移植, 感染性角膜溃疡

Abstract:

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) using acellular porcine corneal stroma and fresh corneal tissue for the treatment of infective corneal ulcer. Design Retrospective case series. Participants Ten patients with infectious corneal ulcer admitted to Beijing You'an Hospital from Nov 2015 to Sep 2016, all patients’ Descemet’s layer was not affected. Methods Bubble-assisted DALK surgery data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were assigned to acellular porcine corneal stroma treatment group and fresh corneal tissue treatment group with five cases in each treatment group. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(LogMAR), intraocular pressure(IOP), spherical power on optometry, mean corneal curvature, astigmatism on corneal topography, corneal endothelial cell count, corneal thickness(CT), axial length(AL), corneal structure under confocal microscope, corneal transparency and grafts survival were observed one year after operation. Main Outcome Measures The BCVA (LogMAR), IOP, spherical power on optometry, mean corneal curvature, astigmatism on corneal topography, corneal endothelial cell count, CT, AL, corneal structure under confocal microscope, corneal transparency and grafts survival. Results During follow-up, all the grafts in both groups remained clear and the graft survival rate was 100%. BCVA was 0.53±0.21 in the acellular porcine corneal stroma group and 0.33±0.06 in the fresh corneal tissue group (P=0.184), the IOP was (8.00±2.00) mmHg and (10.33±0.58) mmHg (P=0.124), the spherical power was (-4.50±4.21) D and (-1.25±0.75) D (P=0.258), the mean corneal curvature was (47.59±5.40) D and (44.51±1.87)D (P=0.403), the astigmatism was (-5.52±1.97) D and (-5.14±1.66)D on corneal topography (P=0.812), the endothelial cell count was (1272.67±387.63)/mm2 and (1550.33±232.69)/mm2 (P=0.347), the CT was (439.33±67.86)μm and (534.00±14.42)μm(P=0.077), and the AL was (23.53±0.91)mm and (23.55±1.56)mm in the two groups respectively (P=0.981).  Corneal confocal microscopy showed that the corneal epithelial cells in the acellular porcine corneal stroma group could completely cover the graft. The shape and density of the basal cells and the wing cells were similar to that of the fresh cornea. However, high-reflective deposits were observed under the basal cells, and the density of the stroma cells was significantly lower than that of fresh corneal tissue. Moreover, acellular fibers were still observed between the endothelial cells and the deep stroma. Conclusion Acellular porcine corneal stroma has good biocompatibility and could be an alternative treatment with satisfactory results for infectious corneal ulcer when fresh corneal tissue is not available.

Key words: acellular porcine corneal stroma, fresh corneal tissue, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, infectious corneal ulcer