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2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病视网膜病变的认知状况及其与视网膜病变严重程度的相关性研究

朱婉璐; 佘重阳; 白向丽; 魏文文; 刘菊红; 刘宁朴
  

  1. 100730 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 北京同仁眼科中心 眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室(朱婉璐、佘重阳、魏文文、刘宁朴,朱婉璐现在聊城市人民医院眼耳鼻喉医院眼科);100120 首都医科大学全科医学与继续教育学院 北京市德胜社区卫生服务中心(白向丽、刘菊红)
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-30 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘宁朴,Email: nliu001@gmail.com E-mail:nliu001@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    北京市自然科学基金重点项目(7131007);北京市西城区卫生局青年科技人才(科技新星)培养项目(xwkx2014-24)

Knowledge of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship with diabetic retinopathy severity

ZHU Wan-lu1, SHE Chong-yang1, BAI Xiang-li2, WEI Wen-wen1, LIU Ju-hong2, LIU Ning-pu1   

  1. 1. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; 2. Capital Medical University General Education and Continuing Education, Beijing Desheng Community Health Service Center, Beijing 100120, China
  • Received:2016-03-30 Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-06-04
  • Contact: LIU Ning-pu, Email: nliu001@gmail.com E-mail:nliu001@gmail.com

摘要:

目的 了解2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的认知状况及其与DR严重程度之间的相关性。设计 横断面调查。研究对象 2012年12月-2013年4月于北京德胜社区卫生服务中心糖尿病眼病门诊(80例)和北京同仁医院眼病会诊中心(34例)首诊的2型糖尿病患者114例。方法 对上述患者进行问卷调查,包括一般信息、糖尿病及其治疗情况和糖尿病眼病相关知识。对患者进行散瞳眼底检查,以病变较重眼确定患者DR严重程度,分析患者对DR的认知状况与DR严重程度的相关性。主要指标 不同来源患者对DR相关知识的认知比率。结果 社区来源患者中,DR患病率21.3%,其中增生期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)占6.3%;医院来源患者中,DR患病率100%,其中PDR占85.3%;比社区来源者明显高(P=0.0042)。社区来源和医院来源患者人群中,知道糖尿病影响视力者分别为91.3%和41.2%(OR=21.95,95%CI:3.33~144.75,P<0.001),知道糖尿病可导致双眼失明的分别为90.0%和17.7%(OR=44.88,95%CI:6.64~303.37,P<0.001),知道糖尿病患者需定期进行眼科检查的分别为83.8%和14.7%(OR=78.34,95%CI:7.44~824.42,P<0.001),知道DR的分别为81.0%和14.7% (OR=46.77,95%CI:6.02~363.52,P<0.001),知道DR可防可治的分别为46.8%和5.9% (OR=5.82,95%CI:0.84~40.41, P=0.046),内科医生建议眼科检查的分别为71.8%和27.3% (OR=9.74, 95%CI:1.79~52.96, P=0.003)。糖尿病无视网膜病变患者(DWR)在是否知道糖尿病影响视力、糖尿病可导致失明、需要定期检查眼部及是否知道DR的问题上的认知率均高于DR患者(P均<0.05)。背景期DR(BDR)患者在是否知道糖尿病影响视力、糖尿病可导致失明、需要定期检查眼部、是否知道DR及DR可防治的问题上的认知率高于PDR患者(P均<0.05)。结论 糖尿病患者人群对DR的认知程度不足,医院来源比社区来源患者对DR的认知更差、病情更严重,提示加强对糖尿病患者人群的健康教育,提高对DR防治的认知程度,对于降低DR对患者视功能的严重损害至关重要。

关键词: 糖尿病视网膜病变, 认知

Abstract:

 Objective To Investigate and analyze knowledge of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic patients, and its correlation with the degree of DR. Design Cross-sectional survey. Participants Recruited type 2 diabetic patients who visited Beijing Tongren Hospital(34 cases) and Beijing Desheng community health service center(80 cases). Methods All patients were surveyed using a standardized questionnaire, including general information, diabetes and its treatment, diabetic eye disease related knowledge. And fundus examinations were performed on all patients. We staged its severity according to the DR staging criteria and selected the more severe eye of each individual into analysis. We compared knowledge of DR between patients from hospital and community, and analyze its correlation with the severity of DR. Statistical analysis was performed using the R statistical software package. Main Outcome Measures Patients’ recognition rate of DR. Results Beijing Desheng community health service center (80 cases). All patients visiting Beijing Tongren Hospital had DR; including 85.3% PDR. The prevalence of DR in patients from community was 21.3%, with 6.3% PDR. 41.2% of the hospital patients knew diabetes could affect visual acuity, significantly less than 91.3% in the community patients (P<0.001). 17.7% of hospital patients knew diabetes can cause blindness, less than 90.0% in the community patients (P<0.001). 14.7%of the hospital patients knew they needed regular ocular examinations, less than 83.8% in the community patients (P<0.001)). 14.7% of the hospital patients knew DR, less than 81.0% of the community patients (P<0.001). 5.9% of the hospital patients knew DR could be prevented, less than 46.8% in the community patients (P=0.046). 27.3%(9/33) of Tongren patients’ physician suggested ocular examination, less than 71.8%(56/78) in the community patients (P=0.003). The recognition that diabetes mellitus (DM) could affect visual acuity, DM could cause blindness, the need of regular eye check and whether or not to know DR in DWR patients was significantly higher than DR patients (P<0.05). In Parallel, the knowledge in BDR patients was significantly better than PDR patients (P<0.05). Conclusion Lower recognition of DR was significantly correlated with more severe DR. Strengthen health education of DR in diabetic patients is essential for improving vision prognosis.

Key words: diabetic retinopathy, recognition