眼科 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 353-358.doi: 10.13281/j.cnki.issn.1004-4469.2025.05.004

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

先天性角膜白斑穿透性角膜移植术后2年预后影响因素的分析

马思翼   洪晶   

  1. 北京大学第三医院  北京大学眼科中心  眼部神经损伤的重建保护与康复北京市重点实验室,北京  100191
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-03 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 洪晶,Email:hongjing196401@163.com

Analysis of factors affecting the 2-year prognosis of penetrating keratoplasty for congenital corneal leukoplakia

Ma Siyi, Hong Jing   

  1. Peking University Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2025-04-03 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-09-12
  • Contact: Hong Jing, Email: hongjing196401@163.com

摘要: 目的  探究先天性角膜白斑患儿穿透性角膜移植术后影响植片存活的因素。设计  回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2018~2020年于北京大学眼科中心行穿透性角膜移植手术的先天性角膜白斑患儿63例(63眼)。方法  回顾患儿的病历资料,包括性别、年龄、角膜疾病类型、诊疗史、手术眼别、眼压、角膜植片/植床大小、术后并发症发生情况、角膜植片状态等,随访时间2年。对术后24个月时的角膜植片存活率进行多因素Logistic回归分析,探究先天性角膜白斑患儿角膜移植术后影响预后的因素,并绘制生存曲线图。主要指标  术后并发症发生情况、角膜植片存活时间。结果  手术时平均年龄(11.71±10.44)个月,(3~55)个月。术后2年植片存活率为61.9%。Logistic回归分析显示角膜上皮持续缺损(P=0.048)、免疫排斥(P=0.002)和高眼压(P=0.030)是导致植片混浊和失功的主要因素。角膜上皮持续缺损术后1周即开始出现,使用药物1个月以上仍未完全愈合,免疫排斥和高眼压主要集中在术后1~6个月发生。术后1年和2年,发生角膜上皮持续缺损后,角膜植片的存活率分别为33.33%和22.22%;发生免疫排斥后,角膜植片的存活率分别为22.22%和11.11%;发生高眼压后,角膜植片的存活率分别为45.45%和18.18%,均显著低于未发生主要并发症患儿的97.44%(P<0.001)和87.18%(P<0.001)。结论  先天性角膜白斑患儿穿透性角膜移植术后预后的影响因素为免疫排斥、高眼压和角膜上皮缺损。
 

关键词: 先天性角膜白斑, 穿透性角膜移植, 儿童

Abstract: Objective To study the factors affecting the prognosis of children with congenital corneal leukoplakia after corneal penetrating keratoplasty. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 63 children (63 eyes) with congenital corneal leukoplakia who underwent penetrating keratoplasty at Peking University Eye Center from 2018 to 2020. Methods The electronic medical records of children were evaluated retrospective, including gender, age, corneal disease type, diagnosis and treatment history, postoperative complications and so on. A binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the survival rate of corneal grafts at 24 months after surgery to explore the factors affecting the prognosis, and survival curves were plotted. Main Outcome Measures Postoperative complications and survival time of corneal grafts. Results The average age of the children who underwent penetrating keratoplasty was (11.71±10.44) months (3~55 months). The 2-year survival rate of the grafts after surgery was 61.9%. Logistic regression analysis showed that persistentcorneal epithelial defects(P=0.048), immune rejection(P=0.002) and postoperative high intraocular pressure (IOP) (P=0.030) were the main factors leading to failure. Persistent corneal epithelial defects occured one week after surgery, and had not fully healed after using medication for more than one month. Immune rejection and high IOP mainly occured between 1 to 6 months after surgery. After the occurrence of persistent corneal epithelial defects, the survival rate of corneal grafts was 33.33% and 22.22% at 1 and 2 years after surgery. After immune rejection, the survival rate of corneal grafts was 22.22% and 11.11% at 1 and 2 years after surgery. After the occurrence of high IOP, the survival rate of corneal grafts was 45.45% and 18.18% at 1 and 2 years after surgery. All of them were significantly lower than the 97.44% (P<0.001) and 87.18% (P<0.001), which were the survival rate of corneal grafts of children without major complications. Conclusion The factors affecting the prognosis of children with congenital corneal leukoplakia after corneal penetrating keratoplasty are immune rejection, high IOP, and corneal epithelial defects.

Key words: Congenital corneal leukoplakia, Penetrating keratoplasty, Children