Abstract: Objective To observe the short-term efficacy and feasibility of vitrectomy combined with air tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with inferior holes. Design Retrospective case series. Participants Forty-five patients with RRD with inferior holes who underwent pars plana vitrectomy（PPV）combined with air tamponade from June 2017 to October 2020 in Nanjing Aier Hospital. Methods All patients underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy combined with air tamponade. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), non-contact intraocular pressure (NCT), slit lamp microscope, indirect funduscopy with slit lamp, wide-angle fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), ophthalmic AB ultrasound examination and length of optic axis with IOL-Master were performed before surgery and 5 days, 3 weeks and 3 months postoperation. Retinal reattachment, BCVA, intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications were observed. Main Outcome Measures Retinal reattachment, BCVA, IOP and complications. Results Local retinal redetachment occurred in one patient at the second month after surgery. This patient underwent scleral buckling and got final reattachment. Initial reattachment was achieved 97.8% in the rest 44 patients in 3 months after surgery. No other patient suffered retinal redetachment during follow-up. Preoperative LogMAR BCVA was 1.82±0.83, and postoperative LogMAR BCVA was 0.71±0.34, 0.59±0.32, 0.56±0.30 respectively at 5 days, 3 weeks, and 3 months after surgery. All patients gained better postoperative BCVA. Increased IOP was found in two cases on the first postoperative day. Conclusion Vitrectomy combined with air tamponade is an effective treatment for RRD patients with well relaxed retina and closed inferior retinal holes. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2021, 30: 217-221)

Key words: retinal detachment/surgery, vitrectomy, air tamponade