Abstract: Objective To compare the 48 weeks efficacy of two different treatment regimens of Conbercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Design Randomized controlled clinical trial. Participants 30 nAMD patients in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. Methods  nAMD patients met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups by simple random sampling. There were 16 cases in the 3+T&E group (Treat and Extend) and 14 cases in the 3+PRN group (pro re nata, as needed). The eyes were injected with 0.05 ml of Conbercept into the vitreous, and the patients were followed up according to the treatment plan for 48 weeks. Main Outcome Measures The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) changes, choroidal neovascularization (CNV) changes and the times of vitreous injection. Results 4 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the 26 patients who completed the follow-up, 15 patients (15 eyes) were in the 3+T&E group and 11 patients (11 eyes) were in the 3+PRN group. Compared with baseline, at 4, 16, 20, 32, and 48 weeks after treatment, the average BCVA in the 3+T&E group was increased, but the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Compared with baseline, at 4, 16 and 20 weeks after treatment in the 3+PRN group, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.378, 0.097, 0.090), and at the 32nd and 48th week, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.034, 0.025, respectively). The mean CRT after treatment in the two groups was significantly different from the baseline (all P<0.01). At 4, 16, 20, 32, and 48 weeks after treatment, the average BCVA of the affected eyes in the two groups increased and CRT decreased, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the baseline, 48 weeks after treatment, the CNV area in the 3+T&E group was 0.06±0.12 mm2, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the baseline value of 4.45±6.61 mm2 (P=0.017). At 48 weeks, the CNV area in the 3+PRN group was 0.44±0.71 mm2, which was significantly different from the baseline value of 3.94±3.93 mm2 (P=0.003). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at 48 weeks after treatment (P=0.046). After 48 weeks of treatment, the average times of vitreous injection in the 3+T&E group and in the 3+PRN group were 6.33±1.35 times and 6.09±2.70 times (P=0.788). There was no significant difference in the mean intraocular pressure between the two groups before treatment and at any time point after treatment (all P>0.05). During the follow-up period, except for 1 eye with subconjunctival hemorrhage, the other patients had no ocular complications and systemic adverse reactions. Conclusion Conbercept can achieve good anatomical, visual effects and good safety in the treatment of nAMD with both the 3+T&E and the 3+PRN treatment regimens for 48 weeks. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2022, 31: 272-276)

Key words: neovascular age-related macular degeneration, Conbercept, treatment regimen, choroidal neovascularization