Abstract: Congenital and infantile cataracts produce deprivation amblyopia and can thus cause lifelong visual impairment. Successful management is dependent on early diagnosis and referral for surgery when indicated. Accurate optical rehabilitation, amblyopia treatment and postoperative supervision are very essential for prognosis. Perioperative routine examination should be emphasized and need specification. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2012, 21: 73-78)

Key words: congenital cataracts/surgery, visual deprivation