Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To observe macular structure with  optical coherence tomography(OCT) and analyze its relation with change of visual acuity in patients undergone scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 41 patients (41 eyes) from Mianyang Cental Hospital undergone scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment involving macular. Method Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA）, fundus examination and OCT were performed in post-sugery 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months. On post-surgery 9 months, BCVA, fundus and OCT were carried out to those patients whose sub-retinal fluid was completely absorbed showed by OCT examination on post-surgery 6 months. Main Outcome Measures BCVA and OCT findings. Results (1) BCVA ≥0.3 was found in 3 eyes (7.32%), 8 eyes (19.51%), 22 eyes (53.66%), 28 eyes (68.29%) and 31 eyes (75.61%) in post-surgery 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months respectively. Sub-retinal fluid was found completely absorbed by OCT in 2 eyes (4.88%), 11 eyes (26.83%), 21 eyes (51.22%), 37 eyes (90.24%) and 40 eyes (97.56%) respectively. (2) BCVA improved more than 2 lines than last examinotion when OCT showed sub-retinal fluid completely absorbed was found in 35 eyes  (85.37%) (P=0.008). For 37 eyes whose sub-retinal fluid was completely absorbed in post-surgery 6 months after surgery, BCVA was improved more than 2 lines in 22 eyes (59.46%) within 1 month to 3 months thereafter, and none of them improved more than 1 line after 3 months thereafter (P=0.032). Conclusion OCT examinatin is a good method to  determine anatomical  restoration  of macular. Vision improvement can be reached mostly within 3 months after anatomical restoration of macular. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2012, 21: 401-404)

Key words: retinal detachment/surgery, scleral buckling, optical coherence tomography