Abstract: Growthassociated protein43 (GAP43), as a specific phosphate protein of neuron membrane, manily expressing at the synaptic terminal or presynaptic membrane in the nervous tissue growing, differential, or regenerative, has closely associated with the outgrowth, synaptic plasticity, cell survival and axon regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). However, it has been poorly understood in the mechanism of GAP43 for the promoting RGC survival and axon regeneration. Offering important insights into physiologic role and regulating mechanism of GAP43 was important to charify RGC survival and axon regeneration and was helpful to nerve regeneration study and clinical treatment.