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婴幼儿眼病筛查中视网膜白色病灶的病因初探

马燕; 邓光达; 麻婧; 卢海   

  1. 100730首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 北京同仁眼科中心 眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-27 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 卢海,Email:trdr_luhai@163.com E-mail:trdr_luhai@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    首都临床特色应用研究项目资助(Z14110700 2514029)

Preliminary investigation of retinal white changes in infants’ ocular screenings

MA Yan, DENG Guang-da, MA Jing, LU Hai   

  1. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Scienses, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing  100730, China
  • Received:2017-09-27 Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-06-04
  • Contact: LU Hai, Email: trdr_luhai@163.com E-mail:trdr_luhai@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨婴幼儿视网膜白色病灶的病因和转归。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象  2015年4月8日至2016年8月4日在北京同仁医院出生的481名婴幼儿。方法 使用广角视网膜数码成像系统对出生6周左右的婴幼儿进行眼病筛查,对发现视网膜白色病灶的患儿进行病因及其转归分析。主要指标 视网膜白色病灶的病因、形态、位置及其预后。结果 对481名出生后(45.1±6.1)天的婴幼儿进行眼部筛查,发现视网膜白色病灶者96例(20.0%)142眼(14.8%)。其中病理性改变11例(22眼),生理性改变85例(120眼)。病灶形态为点状者56例(69眼),条片状者40例(73眼)。病灶位于后极部者22例(25眼),位于周边部者74例(117眼)。生理性视网膜白色病灶中,58例(68.2%)患儿在3月龄时病灶消退,14例(16.5%)在6月龄时病灶消退,3例(3.6%)患儿至12月龄随访结束时病灶持续存在,10例(11.8%)患者拒绝随访复查。患儿性别、高度近视家族史、早产儿、低体重儿、巨大儿、宫内胎儿窘迫、脐带异常、新生儿窒息、胎粪吸入综合征、新生儿贫血、母亲分娩方式、产程异常、羊水污染、甲状腺疾病、妊高症、妊娠期糖尿病均不是生理性视网膜白色病灶的危险因素。 结论  出生后6周左右婴幼儿视网膜白色病灶发病率高,但大多数为生理性改变。

关键词: 婴幼儿, 视网膜, 筛查

Abstract:

 Objective To investigate the etiology and prognosis of retinal white changes in infants. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 481 infants who were born in Beijing Tongren Hospital from Apr. 2015 to Aug. 2016 were involved.  Method Infants aged 6 weeks around were underwent eye screening using wide-field digital imaging system. Etiology and prognosis of retinal white changes in these infants were investigated. Main Outcome Measures Etiology, shapes, location and prognosis of retinal white changes in infants. Results 481 infants aged 45.1±6.1 days were underwent ocular screening. Retinal white changes were found in 96 cases (20.0%) 142 eyes (14.8%). 11 cases (22 eyes) were pathological changes and 85 cases (120 eyes) were physiological changes. 56 cases (69 eyes) were dot shaped and 40 cases (73 eyes) were strip or patch shaped. Retinal white changes were on posterior retina in 22 cases (25 eyes) and on peripheral retina in 74 cases (117 eyes). Of all physiological retinal white changes, 58 cases (68.2%) were absorbed spontaneously at 3 months age, 14 cases (16.5%) were absorbed spontaneously at 6 months age and 3 cases (3.6%) of retinal white changes remained at 12 months age. There were 10 cases (11.8%) refused to revisit. Sex, family history of high myopia, premature, low birth weight, macrosomia, fetal distress, umbilical cord abnormality, neonatal asphyxia, Meconium aspiration syndrome, neonatal anemia, maternal delivery mode, abnormal labor stage, amniotic fluid pollution, maternal thyroid diseases, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus were not related to the physiological retinal white changes. Conclusion  The incidence of retinal white changes in infants is high, but most cases are physiological changes.

Key words: infants, retina, screening