眼科 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 217-219.

• 述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄斑裂孔:特发性或是原发性疾病

惠延年   

  1. 710032西安,第四军医大学西京医院眼科  全军眼科研究所
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-20 出版日期:2013-07-25 发布日期:2013-07-23

Macular hole: idiopathic or primary disease

 HUI  Yan-Nian   

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, The Eye Institute of PLA, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
  • Received:2013-06-20 Online:2013-07-25 Published:2013-07-23

摘要: 黄斑裂孔主要发生在高度近视眼和相对“健康”的高龄眼,后者发生的黄斑裂孔称之为“特发性老年性黄斑裂孔”。近年来,频域相干光断层扫描(OCT)影像揭示了旁中心凹的后玻璃体脱离与黄斑裂孔形成的关系。有理由相信,玻璃体液化和不完全的后玻璃体脱离是黄斑裂孔的“原发性”病因。因此建议将这两类常见的黄斑裂孔分别称之为“近视性”和“老年性”黄斑裂孔。对相应群体的定期OCT检查,对防治此病可能是有益的。(眼科, 2013, 22: 217-219)

关键词: 黄斑裂孔, 玻璃体液化, 后玻璃体脱离, 相干光断层扫描

Abstract:  Macular holes are one of main reasons for visual loss and primarily occur in eyes with high myopia and otherwise “healthy” eyes of aging people. In the latter situation, it has been recognized as “idiopathic senile macular hole”. In recent years, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revealed the relationship of development of macular hole with perifoveal posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). It can be reasonably convinced that vitreous liquefaction and incomplete PVD on the maculae is the primary cause in pathogenesis of macular hole. It is therefore suggested that these two common types of macular holes can be defined as “myopic” and “senile” macular holes, respectively. It should be recommended that routine examination with OCT applied on the corresponding eyes may benefit to prevent and treat macular hole. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2013, 22: 217-219)
  

Key words:  macular hole, vitreous liquefaction, posterior vitreous detachment, optical coherence tomography (OCT)