眼科 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 381-385.doi: 10.13281/j.cnki.issn.1004-4469.2026.05.006

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者围术期脑卒中危险因素排查与分析

张熙芳  田梦  张育珩  段欣荣  汪朝阳   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院  北京同仁眼科中心  眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室,北京100730
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-03 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 汪朝阳,Email:zhaokekewzy@hotmail.com

Screening and analysis of perioperative stroke risk factors in patients with proliferative diabetic  retinopathy

Zhang Xifang, Tian Meng, Zhang Yuheng, Duan Xinrong, Wang Zhaoyang   

  1. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2025-10-03 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-09-18
  • Contact: Wang Zhaoyang , Email: zhaokekewzy@hotmail.com

摘要: 目的 通过评估增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)患者全身心脑血管风险因素,强调围手术期脑卒中危险因素评估的重要性。设计 回顾性比较性病例系列。研究对象 2021年11月至2022年10月在北京同仁医院因PDR接受玻璃体视网膜联合手术的住院患者33例,对照组为因其他眼底病变接受玻璃体视网膜联合手术的非糖尿病患者35例。方法 对比分析两组患者的一般资料、心脑血管合并疾病、体质量指数(BMI)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)及Essen卒中风险评分。对PDR组患者进一步完善颈动脉、椎动脉、锁骨下动脉超声、MRI及MRA/CTA,以充分评估围手术期脑卒中风险。主要指标 通过卒中风险因素评估围手术期卒中风险。结果 在PDR组患者中,既往有脑卒中病史(P=0.045)、既往冠脉支架手术病史(P=0.016)和Essen卒中风险评分(P<0.001)均显著高于非糖尿病组,Ccr(P=0.023)显著低于非糖尿病组。合并高血压(P=0.481)、合并高脂血症(P=0.179)和BMI(P=0.292)在两组间无显著差异。术前颅脑血管进一步检查发现PDR组患者多同时合并多根颅内血管狭窄,达到50%以上血管中度狭窄患者16例(48.5%),其中5例无既往脑卒中病史。19例(57.6%)患者有颈动脉粥样硬化伴斑块。11例(33.3%)有锁骨下动脉粥样硬化伴斑块。结论 PDR患者较无糖尿病患者围手术期脑卒中风险显著升高。Essen评分简单易行,可用于初步评估。对于高风险患者,建议进一步充分评估颅脑血管情况,了解告知并警惕围手术期脑卒中风险,给予积极预防及治疗措施,提高患者眼科围手术期安全性。

关键词:  , 增生性糖尿病视网膜病变;围手术期;脑卒中;Essen卒中评分

Abstract: Objective To evaluate systemic cerebrovascular risk factors in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and emphasize the importance of perioperative stroke risk assessment. Design Retrospective comparative case series. Methods This study included 33 hospitalized patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for PDR at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, between November 2021 and October 2022. A control group of 35 non-diabetic patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for other retinal diseases was also included. General demographics, cerebrovascular comorbidities, body mass index (BMI), estimated creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), and preoperative Essen stroke risk score were compared between the two groups. PDR patients underwent additional assessments, including carotid/vertebral/subclavian artery ultrasound, MRI, and MRA/CTA, to thoroughly evaluate perioperative stroke risk. Main Outcome Measures Assessing the risk of perioperative stroke through stroke risk factors. Results PDR patients had significantly higher rates of prior stroke history (P=0.045) and prior coronary stenting (P=0.016), as well as a significantly higher Essen Stroke Risk Score (P<0.001), but significantly lower Ccr (P=0.023). No significant differences were observed in hypertension (P=0.481), hyperlipidemia (P=0.179), or BMI (P=0.292). Preoperative cerebrovascular imaging revealed that 48.5% (16/33) of PDR patients had moderate (≥50%) intracranial arterial stenosis, including 5 without prior stroke. Additionally, 57.6% (19/33) exhibited carotid atherosclerosis with plaque, and 33.3% (11/33) had subclavian artery atherosclerosis with plaque. Conclusion PDR patients have a significantly elevated perioperative stroke risk compared to non-diabetic patients. The Essen stroke risk score provides a simple tool for initial risk assessment. For high-risk individuals, a comprehensive evaluation of cerebrovascular status is recommended. It is crucial to inform patients of these risks and implement proactive preventive and therapeutic measures to enhance perioperative safety.

Key words: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy, Perioperative, Stroke, Essen stroke risk score