Abstract:   Mistaken as edema, inner retina cloudy swelling in fact is the ischemic whitening and oncosis of inner five layers of retina following retinal artery occlusion. Its pathological nature is cellular swelling, or intracellular edema, but not fluid accumulation intercellularly as edema. The inner retina cloudy swelling is different from cotton spot, outer retina cloudy swelling, whole-thickness retina cloudy swelling and inflammatory cloudy swelling, although the pathological natures of them are cellular swelling too. However, the appearance of Berlin edema mimics inner retina cloudy swelling very much, although it is neither cellular swelling nor edema. It is injures, malpositions, even fractures of the interdigitation  between photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelia. Strictly discrimination of these conceptions especially their phathophysiological bases is of vital importance to recognize and illuminate the associated diseases.

Key words:  Cloudy swelling, Ischemia, Edema