Abstract: Traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the main reason for the failure of retinal detachment surgery, which is very difficult to be cure. Internal limiting membrane peeling, retinal release incision, vitreous cavity filling using perfluorocarbon liquid or using combined weight and light silicone oil are the new surgery treatment direction of PVR. Medications, such as antimetabolites, corticosteroids, drugs inhibiting cellulose, as well as the new therapy, such as gene therapy, immunosuppressants, phosphorylated glycoprotein etc. And the sustained\|release fine particles therapy can reduce the morbidity and the severity of the PVR.