Abstract: Trabeculectomy has always been the most classic anti-glaucoma surgery, and it is also the representative of external filtration surgery with the widest indications and the largest reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP). According to its mechanism of IOP control and history for improvement, the authors summarize and put forward a more optimized modification-modified trabeculectomy combined with deep sclerectomy. This modified surgery reduces IOP with large amplitude through a variety of mechanisms, and can effectively avoid the long-term complications related to filtering bleb at the same time. The surgical indications are the same as trabeculectomy, and is more suitable for patients with advanced glaucoma. The surgical procedures are easy to learn and postoperative complications are relatively rare. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2022, 31: 175-180)

Key words: glaucoma/surgery, modified trabeculectomy, deep sclerectomy