Abstract: Objective  Observe the effects of axial length on the retinal vascular filling state in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Design prospective case series. Participants 254 cases (254 eye) of Diabetes without retinopathy and NPDR patients hospitalized in the department of Ophthalmology and Endocrinology in the Gansu second people's Hospital were included. Methods All patients underwent fluorescence fundus angiography（FFA） and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination. The axial length was measured using  A type ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. And the participants was divided into three groups according to the axial length:  normal group(22~24 mm), long axial group (>24 mm and <26 mm),  extr-long axial group(26 mm or more). Each group of patients underwent FFA retinal vascular filling indicators, which for comparison to observe the different hemodynamic parameters in patients with different axial shaft length. Main Outcome Measures  Arm - retinal circulation time, retinal A-V fluorescence filling time, and axial length. Results The arm-retinal circulation time averaged (12.94±0.46)s, (10.42±0.51)s, and (10.36±0.64)s in normal, long axial, and extra-long axial group, respectively (F=1.289，P=0.252). The retinal A-V fluorescence filling time averaged (13.56±2.04)s, (9.15±1.36)s, and (6.36±1.15)s, respectively in the three groups (F=103.364，P=0.000). The vascular filling time in extr-long axial group faster than the normal group (F=108.863，P=0.000), and the long axial group (F=175.516，P=0.000). Conclusion The longer the axial length，the shorter the retinal vascular filling time, and the faster the retinal vascular filling, in the patients with NPDR. Which reflects, in a certain aspect, the effects of the axial lenth on the retinal hemodynamic state in the NPDR patients.

Key words: diabetic retinopathy/nonproliferative, axial length, fundus fluorescence angiography