Table of Content

25 January 2020, Volume 29 Issue 1

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Pathogenesis of glaucoma: from dissection of complex clinical phenotype to investigation of fundamental scientific problems 

Yu Xiaowei, Zhao Zhenni, Yang Xue, Fan Zhigang.

2020, 29(1):  1-5.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 001

Asbtract ( 1009 )   PDF (656KB) ( 5501 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Glaucoma is a complex clinical syndrome with common phenotype of “characteristic optic neuropathy", while its underlying pathogenesis is with multiple etiologies. In order to understand this complex condition, a subclassification strategy based on the characteristics of its clinical phenotype, especially its relationship with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, pathophysiology of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) /their axons and non-IOP mechanism, is imperative. Thereafter, fundamental scientific questions could be raised and investigated using basic research methodology. In this perspective, we have categorized glaucoma into two major sub-categories. Type I: Genuinely elevated IOP to a significant level, which is capable of primarily and directly destroying massive number of RGCs and their axons with subsequent glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON), while secondary neuroimmune inflammation may participate as an accomplice. Type II: IOP is unable or insufficient to destroy massive RGCs and their axons directly, leading to GON. In this scenario, neuroimmune inflammation may play a more critical role in the initiation and propagation of secondary RGCs/axons damages. Subsequently, we have further subcategorized Type I glaucoma into 5 subtypes and Type II glaucoma into 4 subtypes, respectively. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 1-5)


The basic problems of normal tension glaucoma and their understanding methods

Ren Zeqin

2020, 29(1):  6-8.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 002

Asbtract ( 976 )   PDF (490KB) ( 5392 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Many perplexities and difficulties in the clinical and research of normal tension glaucoma (NTG) arise not only from the disease itself, but also from the limitations of our clinical thinking and understanding methods. The relationship between the clinical manifestations and its pathological nature is complicated and far apart in NTG. So various studies based on clinical thinking are difficult to really solve the pathogenesis problems. The basic problems and particularity of NTG are pointed out as "normal intraocular pressure(IOP)" and its relationship with optic nerve damage. The range of IOP in normal population is not equal to IOP in normal individual. IOP  values are not qualitative differences, only quantitative differneces. In NTG, even if the IOP is normal, it has a "physiological" compression effect on the eye tissue. Therefore, it is necessory to comprehensively and reasonably explain the relationship between the IOP and the optic nerve damage from the etiology, phathophysiology, pathology, to clinical manifestations in NTG. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 6-8)

Development and application of a deep learning system to detect glaucomatous optic neuropathy

2020, 29(1):  9-14.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 003

Asbtract ( 1056 )   PDF (1305KB) ( 5658 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To study a deep learning system (DLS) based on convolutional neural network (CNN) for automated detection of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and to perform a prediction visualization test that can identify regions of the fundus images. Design Cross-sectional study. Participants Ocular fundus photos of 10296 eyes of 5148 patients during 2014 to 2018 in Beijing Tongren Hospital. Methods A deep learning algorithm based on ResNet was trained on the premise that only disease or not can be provided as a marker, then the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the algorithm were calculated to evaluate the performance of the trained system for automatic diagnosis. To better understand the process, a prediction visualization test was performed based on a t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding（t-SNE）visualization that identified regions of the fundus images utilized for diagnosis, and a heatmap was created. Main Outcome Measures Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity for DLS with reference to professional graders, diagnosis accuracy and consistency with ophthalmologists according to the heatmap. Results The AUC of the glaucoma diagnosis with CNN (GD-CNN) model in validation datasets was 0.996 (95%CI, 0.995-0.998). The sensitivity and specificity were comparable with that of trained professional graders (sensitivity, 96.2% vs. 96.0%, P=0.76; specificity, 97.7% vs. 97.9%, P=0.81). An accuracy of 100% was presented in areas containing optic nerve head variance and neuroretinal rim loss, and the regions of interest identified to have made the greatest contribution to the neural network’s diagnosis were also shared with 91.8% of ophthalmologists. Conclusion The DLS has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Based on t-SNE, visualization maps are generated from deep features, which can be superimposed on the input image to highlight the areas of the model important for diagnosis. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 9-14)


Long term effectiveness of ab externo microcatheter-assisted trabeculotomy for primary congenital glaucoma

Wang Huaizhou1, Hu Man2, Xin Chen1, Shi Yan1, Li Meng1, Wang Ningli1

2020, 29(1):  15-19.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 004

Asbtract ( 1267 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of ab externo microcatheter-assisted trabeculotomy(MAT) for the surgical management of primary congential glaucoma(PCG). Design Retrospective case series. Participants Consecutive 65 patients (85 eyes) with PCG who underwent ab externo MAT between February 2012 and December 2016 by a single surgeon in Beijing Tongren Eye Center. Methods Patients were followed before and 3, 6, 9 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 years after surgery. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and usage of anti-glaucoma medication were compared between before surgery and last visit after surgery. Surgical success was defined as a postoperative IOP of ≤21 mmHg with (qualified success) or without (complete success) the use of anti-glaucoma medication. Main Outcome Measures IOP, number of anti-glaucoma medication, surgical complications, and further glaucoma surgery performed.  Results Mean follow-up time was 46.3±9.9 months (range: 36-72 months). Post-operative IOP and number of glaucoma drops (15.6 ± 7.9 mmHg, 0.4 ± 1.0 medications) was significantly less than the pre-operative values (32.5±6.4 mmHg, 2.8±0.6 medications; all P<0.001). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative probabilities of complete success was 90.7%, 86.0%, and 68.8%, and those of qualified success was 90.7%, 88.3%, and 76.9%, respectively. Five-year cumulative probabilities of complete success for eyes with previous surgeries (60.2%) was lower than eyes without previous surgeries (94.3%, P=0.04). Conclusion Ab externo MAT has long-term effectiveness and safety in the management of PCG. Previous anti-glaucoma surgery affects the success rate of Ab externo MAT.  (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 15-19)


Efficacy and safety of ab interno canaloplasty for primary open-angle glaucoma

Zhou Longfang, Hu Die, Lan Jie, Lv Mingyuan, Xie Lixin, Pan Xiaojing

2020, 29(1):  20-25.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 005

Asbtract ( 1112 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of ab interno canaloplasty for primary open-angle glaucoma. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 30 eyes (30 cases) of primary open-angle glaucoma during October 2018 to March 2019 in Qingdao Eye Hospital. Methods All subjects underwent  ab interno canaloplasty, which was performed through a transparent cornea incision into the anterior chamber. Trabecular meshwork and the inner wall of Schlemm tube were horizontally cut with an incision about 1 mm. The tip of iTrack microcatheter was aligned with the incision and inserted into Schlemm tube for 360 expansion. Follow-up for 3 months after operation was conducted. The opening of Schlemm tube was examined with Heidelberg anterior segment OCT. Image J performed OCT image analysis to measure Schlemm tube width and length. Main Outcome Measures Intraocular pressure (IOP), amount of intraocular pressure lowering drugs used, opening degree of schlemm tube. Results Among the 30 patients, the success rate of 360 degree crossing was 83.33%. The preoperative mean IOP was (30.43±8.65) mmHg. The postoperative mean IOP at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months were (14.33±3.88) mmHg, (18.21±7.52) mmHg, (16.55±4.92) mmHg and (16.61±3.99) mmHg. The IOP at each time point after operation was significantly lower than that before operation (P<0.001). The average number of IOP-lowering drugs used before surgery was (2.73±0.91), and the number of IOP-lowering drugs used after surgery was (0.84±1.25), (0.75±0.91) and (0.92±0.95) at 1week, 1 and 3 months  (P<0.001). The mean transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of Schlemm tube were respectively (255.22±59.67) μm and (37.89±12.00) μm  before operation and (306.11 59.44) μm and (64.22 34.62) μm  after operation (P=0.02, 0.04). The success rates of 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after operation were 69.23%, 85.00% and 84.61%. The most common postoperative complication was hyphema (46.67%), and the incidence of hemorrhagic posterior elastic membrane separation was 3.33%.  Conclusion Ab interno canaloplasty is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgery for primary open angle glaucoma with good short-term effect and low complication. （Ophthalmol CHN, 2020,29: 20-25）


Correlation analysis between the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and the change of optic disc blood flow after primary acute angle-closure glaucoma attack

Jiang Jing, Jia Chao, Wang Xinyu, Xu Wei, Zhang Yan

2020, 29(1):  26-31.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 006

Asbtract ( 1054 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To observe the changes of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and optic disc blood flow after the first attack of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG). Design Prospective comparative case series. Participants 41 cases with acute onset of APACG during January 2017 and June 2017 in Fushun Eye Hospital. Methods The acute attack 41 eye was the observation group, and the fellow 41 eye was the control group. RNFLTs of peripapilla were measured by Spectralis OCT and vascular density (VD) were measured by angiovue OCT at 1 week, 3 months and 6 months after IOP control. The differences of the RNFLTs and VDs at different observation time points were compared with generalized estimation equation. The correlation between RNFLT and peripheral VD were explored with Pearson correlation analysis. Main Outcome Measures peripapilla RNFLT, peripapilla VD. Results The temporal, superior temporal, inferior temporal RNFL in the acute attack eye were thicker than those in the lateral eye at 1 week (all P<0.05). The superior nasal and inferior nasal RNFLTs were significantly lower than those in the fellow eye in 3 month (all P<0.001). The nasal, superior nasal and inferior nasal RNFLTs were significantly lower than those in the fellow eye in 6 month (P=0.011, 0.000, 0.000). Compared with the self-follow-up of each parameter in the acute attack eye at 3 months, 6 months and 1 week, the RNFLTs in all quadrants was significantly thinner(all P<0.001). The peripapilla VD of the acute attack eye in 1 week, 3 month, 6 month of follow-up showed a continuous decline. The peripapilla nasal VD in 3 month and 6 month were significantly lower than 1 week (P=0.001, 0.001). The peripapilla superior temporal, inferior temporal, superior nasal and temporal VD continued to decline, 6 month compared with 1 week significantly decreased(P=0.007, 0.011, 0.013, 0.008). The parameters of the peripapilla VD were significantly decreased in the acute attack eye than in the lateral eye, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis indicates that there was no correlation between changes in peripapilla VD and RNFLT changes in the corresponding quadrant in 1 week (all P>0.05), while changes in 3 month and 6 month were found to be relevant (all P<0.05). Conclusion RNFLT was increased in the early stage after intraocular pressure control in the acute attack of APACG. The peripapilla VD continued to decline within half a year, and the overall trend of the peripapilla VD was consistent with that of RNFLT. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 26-31)

Experimental study on the effect of iris pigment granules on scarring process of filtration channels after trabeculectomy in rabbit

Tang Qi, Zhou Rongyao, Pu Liping, Qing Guoping

2020, 29(1):  32-37.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 007

Asbtract ( 746 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the effect of iris pigment epithelium (IPE) pigment granules on the scarring process of filtration channels and the proliferation of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts after trabeculectomy in rabbits. Design Experimental study. Participants Eighteen healthy New Zealand rabbits. Method Rabbits underwent trabeculectomy in one eye. In the experimental group, 0.1ml (100 μg/ml) pigment granules extracted from hog IPE layer was placed under the scleral flap and retained permanently. In positive control group and the negative control group, 0.4 mg/ml mitomycin C and saline soaked in cotton chips were placed under the scleral flap for 3 minutes, respectively. The intraocular pressure (IOP) and filtering bleb morphology was recorded on postoperative day 1, 3, 7 and 30. The animals were sacrificed on postoperative day 30, pathological study was carried out on the filtration area of all rabbits. Main Outcome Measures IOP, filtering bleb morphology, and scarring degree of the filtration channel. Results The average IOP of experimental group, negative control group and positive control group before surgery was (24.78±1.40), (24.11±1.18), and (24.00±1.53) mmHg, respectively (F=0.241, P=0.789). On 30 days after trabeculectomy, the IOP of the experimental group, the positive control group and the negative control group were (20.28±1.87), (20.39±2.28), and (23.33±1.14) mmHg（F=22.500, P=0.000）. No statistical difference in mean IOP was discerned between the experimental group and the positive control group on postoperative day 30 (P=0.86), both of which was lower than that in negative control group (all P=0.000). The average survival time of the filtering blebs among the three groups was (28.17±1.72, 27.00±2.37, 10.67±1.97) days (F=138.592, P=0.000). HE and Masson staining showed that the experimental group and the positive control group had similar findings in pathological study, with relatively fewer collagen fibers and scar tissues. In the negative control group, a large amount of collagen fibers and scar tissue hyperplasia were discerned. Conclusion The short-term experimental study of small sample size shows that IPE pigment granules may inhibit the proliferation of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts, thereby delay the scarring process of the filtration channel after trabeculectomy. （Ophthalmol CHN, 2020,29: 32-37）


Application of simplified DSEK technique in complex bullous keratopathy

Sun Shanshan1,2,3, Gao Minghong3, Chen Yingxin3, Liu Zhiling3

2020, 29(1):  38-42.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 008

Asbtract ( 464 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To observe the efficacy of simplified Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in the treatment of complex bullous keratopathy. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 11 patients (11eyes) with complex bullous keratopathy have receipted keratoplasty in General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from December 2015 to August 2017. Methods All cases are treated with DSEK. The grafts were prepared with hand assisted method, and the average diameter was (8.05±0.57) mm. All grafts were implanted with a skateboard. Main Outcome Measures The adherence of the donor lenticule to the recipient posterior stroma and complications were monitored in the early stage after surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal astigmatism, graft transparency and thickness, endothelial cell density (ECD) and surgical complications were recorded in 1 year after surgery. Results In all 11 eyes, 8 donor lenticules were well adherence to the recipient posterior stroma and 3 graft dislocations occurred at the early postoperative term. One eye was diagnosed with secondary open-angle glaucoma at the postoperative 4 month. Postoperative BCVA was 0.3 or more in 7 eyes, and mean corneal astigmatism was (1.83±0.46) D. All grafts kept clearance during 1 year follow-up period, and the average graft thickness was (126±19) μm. No immune rejection episodes were recorded. The average ECD was (954±218）/mm2. Conclusion Although the DSEK for complex bullous keratopathy are relative difficulty, it can obtain satisfactory efficacy. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 38-42)


Ocular tumors in patients 65 years-old or more: histopathological diagnosis spectrum in 784 cases

Zhao Yun, Zhao Hong, Hui Jingwen, Lin Jinyong, Yu Shasha, Pan Ye, Zhai Wenjuan

2020, 29(1):  43-49.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 009

Asbtract ( 363 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the clinical features and pathological classification of ocular tumor patients who aged 65 years old or more.  Design  Retrospective case series. Participatients Seven hundred and eighty four cases (795 eyes) of ocular tumor with biopsy-proven in patients ≥65 years old between January 2002 and December 2015 from Tianjin Eye Hospital. Methods The lesion location, clinical features and histopathologic classification of these lesions were performed to retrospectively investigated. Main Outcome Measures Pathological diagnosis and composition ratio. Results  Of 784 cases there were 375 men (47.8%)(381 eyes, 47.9%). Of 564 cases (71.9%) of eyelid tumor, there were 407 benign tumors(72.2%) and 152 malignant eyelid tumors（27.0%）. There were 9 cases (1.2%) of lacrimal sac tumors. Of 117 cases （14.92%）of ocular surface tumor, there were 94 benign tumors (80.3%) and 13 malignant tumors(11.1%). There were 18 cases (2.3%) of lacrimal gland tumors. Of 66 cases (8.4%) of orbit tumor, there were 34 benign tumors(51.5%) and 30 malignant tumors (45.5%). There were 10 cases(1.3%) of intraocular tumors. Conclusion The most common ocular tumors of patients ≥65 years old from 2002 to 2015 in Tianjin Eye Hospital were from eyelid tumors and ocular surface tumors. The malignant ocular tumors mostly located in eyelid and orbit. Basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma and lymphoma were the most malignant ones. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 43-48)

Effects of endotoxin tolerance on endotoxin-induced uveitis and on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the iris ciliary body

Wang Jing, Zhang Nan, Yu Shuo, Liu Xinli, Lu Hong

2020, 29(1):  50-54.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 010

Asbtract ( 717 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective  To explore the effects of lipopoly saccharide (LPS) pretreatment on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and the change of PI3K/AKT pathway. Design Experimental study. Participants Male pathogen-free Wistar rats (8-10 weeks old, weighing 180-200 g). Method Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, endotoxin tolerance (ET) group and EIU group, with 30 rats in each group. EIU was induced by a subcutaneous injection of 200 μg LPS. For the ET group, induction of EIU was preceded by daily intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg/kg LPS for five days. EIU and NC groups were injected with saline of the same volume for 5 consecutive days. On day 6, ET group and EIU group received subcutaneous injection of 200 g LPS at the same time, and NC group received injection of saline. Clinical scores were graded 24 h after EIU under a slit lamp microscope. HE stain was performed to observe the histopathology. Aqueous humor TNF-α concentration was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of PI3K and AKT in iris were detected through Western blot analysis. Main Outcome Measures Inflammation score of the animal models, HE stain, aqueous humor TNF-α, PI3K/AKT protein expression. Results Clinical score in ET group, EIU group , NC group was 1.65±0.49, 6.65±0.59, 0.20±0.41, respectively （?字2= 53.261, P=0.001）. The pathological score of in ET group, EIU group, NC group was 0.6±0.5, 3.8±0.4, 0.2±0.4, respectively (?字2= 46.137, P=0.001）. The concentration of TNF-α in aqueous humor of in ET group, EIU group, NC group was 10.58±0.67(pg/ml), 30.96±1.55(pg/ml), 10.32±0.61(pg/ml), respectively (F=260.08, P=0.03).  PI3K of Western blot in ET group, EIU group, NC group was 0.197±0.019, 0.539±0.017, 0.453±0.014, respectively（F=210.66, P=0.002）. AKT of Western blot in ET group, EIU group, NC group was 0.234±0.019, 0.553±0.013, 0.428±0.002, respectively（F=275.35, P=0.001）. Conclusions ET can reduce the inflammatory response of EIU in rats, and down-regulate the expression of PI3K and AKT in iris ciliary body tissue. This protective mechanism of ET against EIU may be associated with PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 50-54)


Plasma inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus 

Sun Chuan, Zhang Hongsong, Chen You, Wang Zhijun

2020, 29(1):  58-62.  doi:10.13281/j.cnki. issn.1004-4469.2020.01.011

Asbtract ( 826 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To explore the levels of plasma inflammatory biomarkers: tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and C reactive protein (CRP) in patients with different severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR), and to provide evidence for exploring the role of inflammatory reaction in the pathogenesis of DR. Design  Prospective comparative case sieries. Participants 21 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) but without DR (DM without DR group), 17 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR group), 23 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR group), and 23 patients without DM (non DM group) were included. Methods The patient's age, sex and past medical history were recorded. All patients underwent test for visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and fundus examination. Venous blood samples were collected and biochemical indicators: hemoglobin(HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (Glu), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride (TG), homocysteine (Hcy), creatinine (CR) and inflammatory related indicators: TNF-α, IL-2R, IL-8, IL-6, and CRP. Main Outcome Measures Plasma inflammatory biomarker levels. Results There were no significant differences in age, sex, hypertension, history of coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction, TC, LDL, HDL, TC, Hcy and plasma CR among the four groups. HbA1c in PDR group (7.51±2.03%), NPDR group (7.48±1.49%) and DM without DR group (7.09±1.54%) was significantly higher than that in non DM group (5.35±0.54%) (P<0.001). The plasma levels of TNF-α in PDR group and NPDR group were significantly higher than those in non-DM group (10.30±5.35 pg/ml) and DM without DR group (12.63±6.65 pg/ml) (P<0.001). The levels of IL-8 in PDR and NPDR group (157.26±200.16 and 197.45±331.08 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those in non-DM group (30.23±29.41 pg/ml) and DM without DR group (29.70±22.04 pg/ml) (P=0.006). There was no significant difference in the concentrations of IL-2R, IL-6 and CRP among groups. Conclusion The plasma inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-8 in patients with NPDR and PDR were significantly higher than those in patients without DM and in patient with DM but without DR. Increased plasma TNF-α level is an important risk factor for PDR. There is a significant positive correlation between plasma inflammatory factors and creatinine levels. Systemic hyperinflammation may be a common risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 58-62)


Comparison of different treatment regimens of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab

Zhou Rui, Chen Juan, Lin Siyong

2020, 29(1):  63-67.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 012

Asbtract ( 1151 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

 Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of IVR regimens of 1+PRN and 3+PRN for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO-ME). Design Retrospective case series. Participants 70 cases of BRVO-ME received intravitreal injection of ranibizumab from January 2016 to March 2018 in Tianjin Aier Eye Hospital. Methods All patients were divided into 1+PRN group and 3+PRN group according to the treatment regimen. Patients receiving PRN after one injection were classified to 1+PRN group, and patients receiving PRN after three months of continuous injection were classified to 3+PRN group. The mean LogMAR BCVA, central retinal thickness (CRT) and central choroid thickness (CCT) of the two groups of patients as well as complications during the follow-up were observed.  Main Outcome Measures BCVA, CRT, CCT. Results At the end point of observation (12 months), BCVA increased by 0.42±0.42 (P<0.05), CRT decreased by (385.96±344.23) μm (P＜0.05), CCT decreased by (13.03±54.46) μm (P>0.05) compared with the baseline in the 1+PRN group. BCVA increased by 0.43±0.39 (P＜0.05), CRT decreased by (524.74±339.20) μm (P＜0.05), CCT decreased (5.00±28.04) μm (P>0.05) compared with the baseline in the 3+PRN group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in variation of BCVA, CRT and CCT (all P>0.05). During the observation period, the average IVR injection times of the 1+PRN group were (3.50±0.99) times, and the IVR times of the 3+PRN group were (4.25±0.73) times (P＜0.05). Conclusions Both IVR treatment regimen of 1+PRN and 3+PRN have significant short-term efficacy and good safety for BRVO-ME. The 1+PRN group achieved similar visual outcomes，reducing CRT and reducing macular edema for BRVO-ME with fewer injections compared with the 3+PRN group. Both treatments had no significant effect on the CCT of BRVO-ME patients before and after treatment. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 63-67)

Expression of inflammatory factors in aqueous humor of HBV positive cataract patients #br#

Zhu Guyu, Zhang Jingshang, Wan Xiuhua

2020, 29(1):  69-72.  doi:10. 13281/j. cnki. issn.1004-4469. 2020. 01. 013

Asbtract ( 1027 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To evaluate the difference of inflammatory factors in aqueous humor between patients with HBV positive cataract and normal cataract. Design experimental study. Participants Aqueous humor in 18 HBV positive cataract patients and 18 normal cataract patients. Methods Aqueous humor samples of all subjects were collected during cataract surgery, and 40 kinds of cytokines were detected using the human cytokine antibody array detection technology (Ray Biotech company). Main Outcome Measures Concentration of 40 inflammatory factors in aqueous humor. Results Among the 40 inflammatory factors of the aqueous humor between the HBV positive cataract patients and the normal cataract patients, there was a significant difference in the content of GM-CSF (0.559±0.134 pg/ml, 0.768±0.195 pg/ml), IL-5 (1.285±0.664 pg/ml, 1.854±0.896 pg/ml), IL-7 (5.076±1.112 pg/ml, 6.298±1.435 pg/ml), IL-17 (2.643±1.050 pg/ml, 3.643±1.659 pg/ml), PDGF-BB (0.367±0.297 pg/ml, 0.169±0.286 pg/ml), TNFα (6.912±2.697 pg/ml, 3.191±3.462 pg/ml), TNFβ (28.307±12.954 pg/ml, 17.424±12.741 pg/ml) (all P<0.05). Conclusion This small sample study showed that the expression of PDGF-BB, TNF α and TNF β in aqueous humor of HBV positive cataract patients was higher than that of normal cataract patients, and GM-CSF, IL-5, IL-7 and IL-17 were lower. The increased expression of PDGF-BB, TNF α and TNF β may be the reason why the patients with HBV positive cataract are more sensitive to intraoperative pain than those with normal cataract. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2020, 29: 69-72)